Cirurgia é tratamento-padrão para corrigir hérnia abdominal

De acordo com dados do Ministério da Saúde entre 3% e 8% dos brasileiros apresentam algum tipo de hérnia na região do abdômen. Mesmo sendo um problema relevante de saúde pública, as hérnias podem ser tratadas com cirurgia e, em quase totalidade, não voltam a incomodar.

Não são em todos os casos que as hérnias dão sinais, principalmente quando são pequenas. Entretanto, quando começam a escapar pelos orifícios do abdômen, podem ser reconhecidas na região ou causarem muitas dores.

As dores relacionadas às hérnias abdominais costumam ser piores durante esforços físicos, como levantar objetos pesados ou ficar durante muito tempo em pé, ou quando a parede do abdômen é contraída rapidamente durante o esforço para evacuar ou tossir. A pressão feita ao colocar a mão na boca e soprar, exame típico realizado em jovens durante o alistamento militar obrigatório, também pode indicar a presença de hérnias.

TRATAMENTO

Na maioria dos casos, as hérnias abdominais são diagnosticadas pelo médico em simples avaliações clínicas, olhando e tocando a região, mas às vezes podem ser necessários exames de imagens.

O tratamento-padrão é cirúrgico e quanto mais cedo for realizado, melhor, sendo que nos casos de hérnias aprisionadas, a cirurgia deve ser realizada com urgência.
As cirurgias contra a hérnia podem ser abertas ou por laparoscopia, considerada minimamente invasiva.

Ambos os procedimentos são realizados por meio de um pequeno corte sob anestesia local ou peridural. A hérnia é empurrada para dentro do abdômen e o orifício é fechado com uma tela, feita de material resistente e próprio para essa correção.

A recuperação pós-operatória da hérnia costuma ser rápida. Geralmente no mesmo dia ou no dia seguinte o paciente recebe alta hospitalar, mas deve seguir algumas orientações médicas, como não fazer esforço físico por dez dias.

Entre os possíveis efeitos pós-cirúrgicos, estão: dor, lesão de nervo, infecção e, às vezes, recidiva da hérnia.

Sírio Libanes

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