Câncer de pele melanoma

O câncer de pele melanoma tem origem nos melanócitos (células produtoras de melanina, substância que determina a cor da pele) e é mais frequente em adultos brancos. O melanoma pode aparecer em qualquer parte do corpo, na pele ou mucosas, na forma de manchas, pintas ou sinais. Nos indivíduos de pele negra, ele é mais comum nas áreas claras, como palmas das mãos e plantas dos pés.

Embora o câncer de pele seja o mais frequente no Brasil e corresponda a cerca de 30% de todos os tumores malignos registrados no país, o melanoma representa apenas 3% das neoplasias malignas do órgão. É o tipo mais grave, devido à sua alta possibilidade de provocar metástase (disseminação do câncer para outros órgãos).

O prognóstico desse tipo de câncer pode ser considerado bom se detectado em sua fase inicial. Nos últimos anos, houve grande melhora na sobrevida dos pacientes com melanoma, principalmente devido à detecção precoce do tumor e à introdução dos novos medicamentos imunoterápicos.

O QUE AUMENTA O RISCO?

Exposição prolongada e repetida ao sol (raios ultravioletas – UV), principalmente na infância e adolescência.
Exposição a câmeras de bronzeamento artificial.
Ter pele e olhos claros, com cabelos ruivos ou loiros, ou ser albino.
Ter história familiar ou pessoal de câncer de pele.

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